تحديات التنمية المستدامة في ظل التحولات المجالية بالصحراء الجزائرية الكبرى

Abstract

This study examines the challenges of sustainable development in the Algerian Great Sahara in light of ongoing spatial transformations. The region represents a strategic territorial space endowed with significant natural, cultural, and economic potential. However, rapid environmental, socio-economic, and spatial changes have created increasing pressure on its fragile ecosystems and traditional settlement systems.

The research particularly highlights the role of oasis systems—especially in central Saharan regions such as Tidikelt—as historical and contemporary foundations of local livelihoods. Despite their ecological and socio-economic importance, these systems are experiencing degradation due to water scarcity, climate change, unplanned urban expansion, overexploitation of groundwater resources, and the dominance of a rent-based hydrocarbon economy.

The study concludes that achieving sustainable development in the Algerian Sahara requires an integrated territorial approach based on the valorization of sustainability assets. This includes promoting renewable energy (notably solar and wind power), protecting and rehabilitating oasis agro-systems, preserving cultural heritage, strengthening local community participation, and implementing balanced spatial planning policies. Sustainable development in this sensitive environment depends on harmonizing environmental protection, socio-cultural resilience, and economic diversification within a long-term strategic framework.