السياسة الفرنسية الاجتماعية والثقافية وانعكاساتها على المجتمع الجزائري1830 - 1900م

Abstract

This thesis examines French colonial policy in Algeria between 1830 and 1900, focusing on administrative, social, and cultural dimensions, as well as their profound impact on Algerian society. The study traces the historical context preceding the French conquest, including pre-1830 Franco-Algerian relations, the Dey’s diplomacy, and the Blockade of Algiers, culminating in the 1830 invasion. It analyzes the establishment and evolution of French administrative structures during both military and civil regimes (1830–1900), highlighting changes in governance, legal frameworks, and territorial management. The research also explores French social policies, including population management, resettlement of European colonists, land reforms, and mechanisms of social control such as taxation, conscription, and imprisonment. Furthermore, the thesis investigates French cultural policies, particularly in education, language, and religious institutions. This includes the establishment of French schools, the marginalization of Arabic language education, and Christian missionary activities. The combined effect of these policies reshaped Algerian social hierarchies, disrupted traditional institutions, and generated both peaceful and armed local responses. The study concludes that French colonial policy produced long-lasting structural, social, and cultural transformations, laying the foundations for modern Algerian society while creating tensions that fueled .